And the wolf is biography

Melenty Mikhailovich Volkov, the father of the poet, came from the peasant family, but he was a competent man, left the soldier’s service with the rank of sergeant. The mother of Volkov, the tailor by profession, knew how to read and write, possessed a phenomenal memory. According to the writer, it was she who instilled in him a love of literature. There were practically no books in the Volkov family, the boy strove for education and asked to read books from the neighbors.

At the age of five, Alexander began to read Russian poets: A. Pushkin, M. Having matured a little, A. Volkov learned the binding business and began to trade goods in rich houses - so he earned on new books. In the year he graduated from the Ust-Kamenogorsk City School, was recognized as the best student, showed talent for mathematical sciences. In school time, the boy begins to write, and, inspired by Robinson Crusoe by D.

Defoe, A. Volkov at the age of 12 creates his first novel. The future writer chose his path and decided to become a teacher. In the year, Volkov entered the Tomsk Pedagogical Institute.

In the same year, he began to independently study German and French. After graduating from the institute, Alexander Melentievich began to work as a primary school teacher in the Altai city of Kolyvani, and later moved to work in his native Ust-Kamenogorsk. The revolution of the year was a turning point in the worldview of a young teacher. Revolutionary unrest, political and social changes, the new line of historical development was ambiguously perceived by Volkov.

The writer reflected his impressions of revolutionary events in the first poems - “Dreams” and “Nothing pleases me”, which were printed in the newspaper Siberian Light. The lines of the poems are imbued with feelings of hopelessness, deep sadness - the writer did not know what was waiting for him ahead. For a long time, he was confident in the tragic for him and for the people the outcome of a turning point in historical events: and I alone with the steep evil I live sad and sick and my end is not far away.

Alexander Volkov, however, soon Vera in a new, bright future prevailed-Alexander Melentievich joined the Ust-Kamenogorsk Council of Deputies and became a member of the teacher's union of the newspaper “Friend of the People”. He moved to Molkov to Yaroslavl, where he was the director of the experimental school named after However, success in the literary sphere was not enough for Volkov.

In parallel with teaching, the writer extermin passes exams at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics. Speaking about the early period of Volkov’s work, it should be noted that the writer did not think about the career of the writer. He possessed a huge baggage of knowledge: he independently studied Latin, French, German, English, was engaged in translations of texts, was fond of geography and history.

Volkov; Rice. Artsulova and M. Volkov; rice. Alyakrinsky, Sergey Mikhalkov and Alexander Volkov. Children's Book Week, October 29, year. A few years later, the couple had two sons - Vivian and Romuald, a few years before them the first two children died at an early age. Important changes in Volkov’s life happened after his move with his family to Moscow in the year. At the age of forty, he decided to enter Moscow State University.

There the writer passed the five -year course of the Faculty of Mathematics in seven months. After receiving the diploma, the poet got a job as a teacher of higher mathematics at the Moscow Institute of Non -Ferrous Metals and Gold, where he worked for more than 20 years. In the same place, Alexander Melentievich transmitted his vast knowledge in different fields to students in optional classes.

Interest in geography and history served as the basis for writing the first big works of Volkov: popular science books, historical novels. Historical novels were popular: “architects” - about the construction of the Cathedral of Vasily Blessed by Russian masters, “Two Brothers” - about the era of the reign of Peter I, “Wandering” - about the life of the Italian philosopher Jordano Bruno.

Several popular science books were published: “In search of fate” and “In search of truth”, the collection “Trace of the Storm”-on the history of the development of navigation, as well as the collection “Earth and the sky”-on the topic of astronomical research. The author was most proud of the last book and said: “It [“ Earth and Heaven ”] was translated into sixteen languages ​​of the peoples of the Soviet republics and foreign countries.

It is read by the children of India and Vietnam, the little French and the British, the Czechs, Poles, Bulgarians, Lithuanians, Latvians, Kazakhs, Moldavians, Ukrainians, so, the story “Wonderful Ball” “The First Air Program” was published in which the political prisoner runs from a balloon in a balloon. Thus, Volkov analyzes the theory that struck him that the balloon was invented long before the Mongolfier brothers.

Then, for transfers, he chooses L. However, he liked the book so much and his sons that he decided not only to translate, but to “shift” the work, retaining the plot plot.Alexander Melentievich added many new episodes that can now be attributed to the fantasy genre: the pursuit of the cannibal, flood, a doggie, who received the gift to speak human language in the magical world, and others.

It is worth noting the literary talent of Volkov - he not only translated the speech of the heroes of Baum, but completely changed the inner world of the characters, their motivation, attitude to the world around him, and especially to the ruler of the magical country. Volkov has the main theme of collectivism, mutual assistance, friendship. At Baum, the idea is that a person himself develops his talents, the theme of individualism: in the country, no one promises to give the heroes the hearts, brains or send them home.

That is why at the end of the American “original” the wizard turns out to be just a magician, letting young readers understand that a person can perform “miracles” himself, without magic. Petrovsky believed: "Volkov]" translated "into watercolor-soft painting ...". The book immediately gained immense popularity among young readers. She was more suitable for Soviet reality than the “original,” she taught children friendship and mutual assistance, and also raised the topic of love for the homeland: Ellie does everything to return to her home.

The manuscript was entitled as a “wizard of the Emerald City” with the subtitle “processing the fairy tale of the American writer Frank Baum.” Having finished the manuscript of the year, Alexander Melentievich sent it to the children's writer S. Marshak, from whom she raised many questions. He emphasized that “a story is a little out of time” - in the plot it is impossible to “consider an era”.

However, the famous poet liked the fairy tale, and the manuscript was transferred to the publishing house. Volkov; rice. Radlov, the first circulation of the book in the year was twenty -five thousand copies. The artist Nikolai Radlov created black-and-white barbid illustrations. The plot of the first edition was closest to the original text of Baum. The success of the fairy tale was huge, later the work entered the “School series” with the circulation of thousands of copies.

Marshak was right, the hobby of Alexander Melentievich grew into professional literary activity. For all the time, the book was translated into 13 languages ​​and reprinted 46 times. The creative activity of Volkov during the Great Patriotic War should also be noted. Since years, Alexander Melentievich was in evacuation in Alma-Ata, where he wrote on military-patriotic topics. During this period, the books “Invisible fighters” and “Aircraft in the war”, poems: “Red Army”, “Scouts”, “Rodina”, “Young Partisans”, “Ballad of the Soviet Pilot”; Military songs: “The Song of Timurovtsev”, “Hastings of Komsomolskaya”; Historical essays: “Mathematics in military affairs”, “Glorious pages on the history of Russian artillery”, as well as the radio pipe cycle: “Deaf night”, “Timurovites”, “Patriots”, “Fufaika”, “The counselor goes to the front”.

All works raised a patriotic spirit, were full of love for the homeland. In the year, Volkov publishes a new version of the “Wizard of the Emerald City”, in which the artist Leonid Vladimirsky spoke an illustrator. The book differed from the previous edition not only by external design, but also by changes in the plot. For example, the heroine Volkova began to live in a van on wheels, a chapter was removed about a trip through the forest with warring trees and a description of the porcelain country, as well as Volkov, the background and descriptions of all the inhabitants of the magical country were added.

The final episode is distinguished - in it, Ellie, upon returning to Kansas, meets in the neighboring city of Goodwin. This is not in Baum's “arrangement”. It is worth noting that the text of the fabulous story of Volkov is distinguished by a great emotional impact on the reader, which is achieved with the help of numerous exclamation sentences, sounds and onomatopoeia, often repeated words “fear” and “laughter”.

The writer in the afterword to the book listed the distinctive features of the Russian and American fairy -tale novels. There is an even later, third version of the Wizard of the Emerald City. It was created in order to better connect the work with continuations already written by that time. The third version presents new details about the heroes. The book has gained such popularity that hundreds of letters from little readers came to the writer who demanded to continue the fairy tale.

In the year, there is a continuation of the “Wizard of the Emerald City” - “Urfin Juss and his wooden soldiers”. The source of the plot of the work was no longer the fairy tales of L. Ellie and friends re -travel to the emerald city, which was captured by the greedy and imperious villain Urfin Jus. There are two versions of Urfin Jus in the year Volkov released the third book of the cycle about the magical country - “Seven Underground Kings”.

Entry into the book is a story about how a wizard Gurricap created a magical country. The main theme of the plot: Ellie and her friends “re -educate” seven power underground kings. When they succeed, the main character leaves the magical country forever. The illustrator of the book was Leonid Viktorovich Vladimir.The book tells of the villain already familiar to readers Urfin Juse, who again wants to capture the magic country.

However, not Ellie, but her sister Anne with a friend Tim, go to stop him. The publication of a fairy tale in the book version took place in a year. Evgeny Migunov The fifth book from the cycle about the magical country was called the Yellow Fog. An interesting fact is that this plot was written by Volkov in 24 hours. A separate book was published in the year. The sixth and last book of the “Wizard of the Emerald City”-“The Secret of an abandoned castle”.