Brief biography of Chelyuskin

Russian navigator Semen Chelyuskin Semyon Chelyuskin - biography of Semyon Chelyuskin - Russian navigator, polar traveler, researcher who opened the extreme point of the continent of Eurasia in the north. Its discovery, which was of great importance for Russia, was appreciated only after the death of the heroic discoverer. He became the discoverer of the extreme point of the Continent Eurasia from the north side.

A purposeful, persistent navigator who possessed a steel character who made a real feat in the name of the homeland did not receive recognition during his lifetime. His role in the development of the Russian North was appreciated only after the death of the hero. Childhood and youth Semen Ivanovich Chelyuskin is a representative of the old family of service nobles who had great merits to the Fatherland.

In the glorious genus of the Pravstkin, this surname was written and pronounced this name until the 17th century, men possessed all the necessary qualities in order to achieve a high position. Among them were governors, stolniks, cooking, “written heads”. It is known that the grandfather of the future navigator, Rodion Matveevich, rose to the Streltsky head of the Colonel Chin.

He lived in Moscow, was considered a rich man. Father, who had risen to the stool, was much less fortunate. It was with him that the Chelyuskins clan gradually became seedy. There was no personal guilt of Ivan Rodionovich in that, the archers during the reign of Peter I for their tendency to rebel became a disgraced army. To avoid repression and almost inevitable execution, the father of the future traveler considered it a good to leave the capital.

He settled in a small estate and no longer attempted to return to Moscow. Semen Chelyuskin in childhood the future sailor was born in the year. However, this date is approximate, he was not a famous person, biographers only subsequently became interested in the history of his life. The birthplace of the sailor cannot be called with reliable accuracy. It may be the village of Borishchevo, located in the Kaluga province, or the county city of Belev, located in the Tula province.

Currently, residents of both regions consider Chelyuskin their fellow countryman and are very proud of this fact. The reformer Peter I actively attracted noble undergrowth to the training of a sailive business. When Semen was 14 years old, he was recorded by Gardemarin in the metropolitan school of mathematical and navigation sciences, located in the Sukharevsky tower.

The young man who did not have a means of training was very persistent and entrepreneurial. He was not embarrassed by poverty, but very attracted knowledge. After the first year of his studies, a capable Gardemerine turned to the authorities with a report, asked for help from the state and received it. Through the due date, Chelyuskin, who studied at the “state -owned koste”, graduated from education.

In the year, the future sailor received the first appointment. He is sent to serve in the Baltic navigator. The young officer not only successfully fulfills his duties, but also at the same time passes an internship for the post of navigator and subscription. A year later, he receives certification in “science and practice”. The authorities believe that from Chelyuskin turned out an excellent navigator who proven himself in work and in “good manage”.

He slowly but surely promoted in the service, accumulated the necessary experience. The Baltic Fleet did not participate in hostilities at that time, there was nowhere to show its abilities. However, the rulers of Russia, remembering the covenants of Peter the Great, drew attention to the Russian North. Chelyuskina, as a persistent, serviceable, reliable officer, was included in the list of members of the Great Northern Expedition, carried out under the leadership of Bering.

Bering’s expedition for ten years, from the years, the naval officer spent in the north. Such a long journey at that time could only withstand a person with indestructible health, iron character, and steel nerves. An intelligent, knowledgeable officer with great physical strength and endurance was appointed navigator in the team of the polar explorer Pronchishchev. The latter received a specific task - 45 people under his leadership were obliged to explore the northern shores from Lena to the Yenisei.

Semen Chelyuskin, on the expedition, the team of sailors went to the appointed place on the Yakutsk vessel. Keep the expedition diary, to describe the open coastline was assigned to Semyon Chelyuskin. The officer methodically made the necessary records, from his diary you can learn a lot of interesting facts, for example, about the fauna of the North. Especially the travelers were surprised at the number of white bears that moved on ice in huge groups.

The discoverers of the North were brave and brave people, but they did not even pose the whole danger of their journey. Their mowed scurvy, from whom Pronchishchev’s wife died, the first European who worked in the Arctic. After some time, the last shelter and Pronchishchev himself found at the mouth of the River River. The expedition management completely lay on the shoulders of the navigator Semyon Chelyuskin.

In September, Chelyuskin brought the Yakutsk ship from the Bay of Faddeus at the mouth of the Olenek River.According to the dignity, at the end of the same year, the navigator Chelyuskin and the geodesist Chekin returned to Yakutsk. After the repair of the Yakutsk vessel in gg. They may be familiar.