World Champion Biography

Official matches for the title of world chess champion have been held since the year. Before the champions themselves decided who they should play with, and after the International Chess Federation of FIDE began to organize tournaments and select applicants. We talk about all owners of the champion title in history. About the split into two federations and the period of two titles - Wilhelm Steinitsa The first official champion of the world.

It is considered the founder of the positional style of the game: in it, the chess player slowly begins with a number of small advantages, and then captures the initiative and proceeds to active actions - Emanuel Lasker the record holder in the number of years in the status of the world champion. One of his strong qualities was considered a victory in the endglass - the end of the match.

The main task in it is to carry out a pawn in a ferzi in order to get an advantage over an opponent - Jose Raul Kapablanka Cubans was not in vain called a “chess automatic”: he equally masterfully ended the parties in the middle and in the endglass. In the year, during the first Moscow International Capablanca Tournament, they offered to star in the film “Chess Farm” - he agreed and played himself in one of the episodes - - Alexander Alekhin, a fan of cats: during the parties with him, the Siamese cat nicknamed Ches was constantly present as a talisman.

The only chess player who died in the status of the current world champion is Max Ave, after the loss of the championship and death of Alekhina Ave, he could not return the status and participated only in the championships of the country, team competitions and the Olympic Games. At the post of President Fide, he introduced a rating system for assigning the title of grandmaster and organized a “match of the century” between Boris Spassky and Robert Fisher - - Mikhail Botvinnik, after the death of Alekhin, Fide could not agree on the procedure for determining the new champion.

As a result, they held a match-tournament of the five best, in which Botvinnik won. This is the only chess player who, having lost the title, twice won it again. In total, he stayed with the champion of 13 years old - Vasily Symaslov is the first of the three chess players who won the title of Botvinnik. In the status of the champion I stayed for a year, losing to revenge.

In his youth he wanted to become an opera singer, but he did not go to the Bolshoi Theater. After the end of his career in the year, Smyslov nevertheless gave a solo concert at the Moscow Conservatory - Mikhail Tal Match for the title of world champion between Botvinnik and Tale was held in Moscow. Before that, rivals have never played with each other. In the first batch, the leadership captured Tal and did not miss the victory.

As with Semlosov, in revenge, Botvinnik regained his title - Tigran Petrosyan won six USSR championships, without giving a single party, and lost only once at 79 victories and 50 draws at the World Chess Olympiads. After the victory in the match for the championship, Grossmaster gave two thousand rubles and the gas car with a year of Fide canceled the right to revenge - this time the Botvinnik could not regain the title - Boris Spassky first met in the championship match with Petrosyan in, but lost.

It was possible to win the title in the revenge of the year. The peculiarity of Spassky’s style is the Royal Gambit, with the help of which he won a lot of victories, including the next winner of the title Robert Fisher - Robert Fisher in the status of the World Champion, the chess player has never played in official matches and tore off the defense of the title.

In the year, the US government issued an order to arrest him for violating the international embargo when arriving at the match with Spasski in Yugoslavia. Fisher no longer returned to his homeland and spent recent years in Iceland - Anatoly Karpov Fisher refused to play according to the requirements of FIDE, and the Russian became the world champion after winning the applicants' tournament.

Attempts to make a match with an American later were unsuccessful even at an unofficial tournament. The experience was useful to win without a single defeat in parties - two victories and 13 draws. Applicants did not seek such a result since the year. He was a fide champion from for year. Anand is the only world champion who won the title in competitions with three different formats: according to the knockout system, in a circular tournament and in a match with the applicant-Magnus Karlsen headed the FIDE rating in the record 17 years.

In the match with Anand, he became a champion ahead of schedule, winning for ten parties. In the same year, Time magazine included Magnus in the list of one hundred most influential people in the world. After ten years of holding the title, he refused to play with the contender Yan Nepomnya and was deprived of the champion’s status-Dean Liezhen Liezhen was not a contender, but because of the refusal, Carlsen received a chance and won Yan Nepomnya in a tie-break.

After the victory, the Chinese suffered several offensive defeats at the tournaments and in September flew out of the first twenty Fide rating.