Abstract Stolypin Biography

You are here: Pyotr Arkadievich Stolypin years since the birth of Peter Arkadievich Stolypin years since the birth of a reading room of humanitarian literature building. Blessed, who visited this world in his moments, fateful F. Tyutchev Stolypin Petr Arkadievich - an outstanding reformer, statesman of the Russian Empire, who at different times was the governor of several cities, and then became the Minister of Internal Affairs, at the end of his life he held the post of prime minister.

The last major transformations in the country are associated with his name. Among them are agrarian reform, the development of Siberia and the settlement of the eastern part of the country. Many decisions in the biography of Peter Arkadyevich Stolypin are considered to be the most important for the end of the revolution. The personality of Peter Stolypin is characterized by his fearlessness, because more than a dozen attempts were committed for the life of this man, but he did not depart from his ideas.

Many phrases of Stolypin became winged, for example, “We need great Russia” and “Do not intimidate! Peter Stolypin was born on April 14 in Dresden, the capital of Saxony, in the family of artillery general Arkady Stolypin and Natalia Gorchakova, noblewoman, whose family tree starts from the Ruri. Literally on the eve of childbirth, the boy’s mother came to Dresden to relatives, and, unlike her brothers and sister, the future great Russian reformer was born abroad.

In addition to Peter, parents brought up two sons - Mikhail and Alexander and daughter. The noble family of the Stolypin existed over three centuries. Peter was directly related to Mikhail Lermontov. The great Russian poet was his second cousin. The childhood of Peter took place in the Serednikovo estate, in the Moscow province. In the year, the family moved to the estate of Clinberge, the Coven province.

Peter went to the gymnasium, the teachers were surprised at his judgment and the volitional character. After graduating from the gymnasium, he entered the St. Petersburg Imperial University for the natural department specialty-agronomy. At that time, the famous chemist scientist Dmitry Mendeleev taught at this university, Stolypin passed him an exam in chemistry and received a well-deserved “excellent”.

After graduation from the university, Stolypin directed all his forces and ability to serve Russia. The high level of knowledge allowed Stolypin to graduate from the university with an excellent result, and he, as one of the best graduates, was taken to the service of a college secretary. The career of a young official was brilliant. Three years later, Peter already had the rank of title adviser, and in March he was transferred to the service of the Ministry of the Interior.

Now Stolypin is the chairman of the Coven court of world intermediaries. For us, living in the M century, this does not mean anything, and then such an event was out of the ordinary. The fact is that Peter in fact held a general’s position, and so far he himself was only a captain, and had only 26 years from his family. For all thirteen years that Stolypin served in Kovno, as with his governorship in the Grodno and Saratov provinces, he was constantly engaged in the development of agriculture, in particular, agronomy and the removal of new grain varieties.

In Grodno, Peter dealt with rebel societies for two days. During the years of his governorship, several craft schools and special gymnasiums for women were opened, in which, in addition to mandatory items, they taught drawing, needlework and drawing. Having mastered in the governor's position, Peter took up the reforms of agriculture, including the formation of peasants. Many noble landowners condemned his reforms and believed that "education should be available to wealthy classes, but not mass ...".

To which Stolypin answered: "The education of the people, correctly and reasonably placed, will never lead to anarchy." The successes of the young reformer were seen, and Stolypin received a new appointment, this time the governor of the Saratov province. In a new place, Peter began to change again, but everything stopped because of the Russian-Japanese war and the rebellion of the year that began after it.

The main feature of Stolypin was called fearlessness, he was really not afraid to go out to the angry crowd to calm the rebels. The vigorous actions of the governor led to the fact that life in the possession entrusted to him became more and calmer. Sovereign Nicholas II thanked him twice for the service, then issued a decree on his new appointment. Stolypin received the chair of the Minister of the Interior.

Currently, this purpose would be regarded as a great honor. However, then things were somewhat different. Two ministers who previously held this position were killed, so Stolypin could be a new victim, and he absolutely did not want this. By that time, he had already attempted him four times, but he could not refuse his appointment. To this, the sovereign replied: - Pyotr Arkadievich, I ask you to accept this post.

My father had no choice but to bow to the will of his sovereign expressed in this form, and he returned to Saratov only for a very short time to surrender affairs of the province. Bok Maria Petrovna. Memories of my father P.First of all, it was difficult to work because many members of the State Duma supported revolutionary sentiments, and openly expressed their protest.

As a result, the executive and legislative authorities were in a state of confrontation, and this was poorly affected by the adoption of any laws. As a result, the first State Duma was dismissed, and Peter Stolypin worked in parallel in two positions-his own and the prime minister. And again, Stolypin develops energetic activity. He performs in public, demonstrating the talent of a brilliant speaker.

Much of what he said became winged phrases. He proved himself not only as a reformer, but also an undalesful fighter with revolutionary movements. Pyotr Arkadievich developed many bills, which later began to be called "Stolypin agrarian reform." It was under that name that they went down in history. The Prime Minister Stolypin occupied the chair until the last day of his life until he died a few days after the eleventh assassination attempt.

As Prime Minister Stolypin began to engage in reforms from the first day of his appointment. Moreover, they did not concern a separate orientation, but of the most diverse aspects of the country's life. Under his reforms, foreign policy, bills, a national issue, and local administration bodies fell. Stolypin considered his main task to motivate ordinary peasants to develop, become private owners of the Earth.

The community system that existed before did not allow many working people to show initiative. Stolypin was more profitable and reliable to work with a wealthy peasantry, to find like -minded people among former poor. To implement such bold plans, banks began to provide peasants with loans with very favorable conditions. The unprocessed territories of the Far East, Siberia, the North Caucasus, Central Asia, previously former state -owned ones were transferred to their possession.

Another innovation in agriculture was the organization of local administration. Thanks to this, rich landowners could no longer have a undivided influence on politics. The second reform is very difficult to “take root”, especially in the west of the country, where the main emphasis was always on the gentry. The legislative council did not support the idea. The result of this confrontation was the ultimatum, which Stolypin presented Emperor Nicholas II.

The king was already preparing a strict reprisal against Peter Arkadyevich, but it ended well, thanks to the intervention of Empress Maria Fedorovna. She managed to convince her son sitting on the throne to agree with the conditions of the reformer. But the third, the so -called "industrial" reform, has abruptly changed the life of the workers. Now employees were hired according to the new rules, significantly reduced the duration of the work shift, and introduced insurance from industrial accidents.

Peter Stolypin made changes to the national question. The politician advocated the unification of all the nationalities living in Russia, advocated the creation of a special Ministry of Nationalities, which would deal with issues of all peoples.

This ministry was supposed to monitor the development of traditions, culture, languages, history and religion of every nation. The Prime Minister was in full confidence that only after the introduction of these reforms can the eradication of religious and interethnic growth be achieved, and after that, representatives of all nationalities will calmly heal in Russia. The assessment of the activity of Stolypin both during his life and later professional historians was ambiguous.

Peter Arkadyevich had and remained as ardent supporters who believe that he was the only one could prevent the subsequent October Revolution and save Russia from many years of wars, and no less ardent opponents, confident that the Prime Minister used extremely cruel and harsh methods and deserves censure. Yes, the Stolypin phenomenon aroused enormous historical interest, but many researchers somehow agree that the Stolypin reformer was in demand by the country, Russia into a severe, critical moment of its development.

And they note that Stolypin was doomed - the atmosphere of hatred and violence created around him was too strong, which led to a tragic outcome. The literature presented at the exhibition: Stolypin, Peter Arkadievich. We need great Russia Stolypin; [pre -sizl. Shacillo; comp. Rybas, Svyatoslav Yuryevich. Rybas, L. Bock, Maria Petrovna Stolypina. Izvolsky, Alexander Petrovich.

Zenkovsky, Alexander Vasilievich. Kabytov, Peter Serafimovich. Kabetov; Ros. Solzhenitsyn, Alexander Isaevich. Avrech, Aron Yakovlevich. Avrech; [Otv. Kazarezov, Vladimir Vasilievich. Tyutyukin, Stanislav Vasilievich. July political crisis G. Tyutyukin; [Otv.