Artist Krylov Biography

Dates of life: December 6 - November 14 Place of birth: the village of Elizabethan famous paintings: "Steppe Kovynaya", "Donskoy Raliv", "Kalmychka" Ivan Ivanovich Krylov was born on December 6 in the village of Elizavetinskaya. The “List of the settlement of the Donskoy troops on the census of the year” says: “The Elizavetovskaya village, under the Don River, 70 miles from the city of Novocherkassk, 5 miles from the Azov postal station.” Father-Ivan Andreevich Krylov-Cossack, veteran of the Russo-Turkish war, had rewards.

Mother - Agrippina Ivanovna in the girlishness of Kirsanov Native of Novocherkassk. Ivan Andreevich served as a paramedic. He was famous for the medicine art throughout the district. The doors of the wing house were open to everyone, at any time. The doctor Krylov had to go to distant villages and a farm. Often on these trips he took with him his eldest son Vanya. I had to ride on bikes, and on horseback, and swim on kayuki.

Sometimes they spent the night in the steppe. Then, on the shores of the Don, a fire was bred, fish were caught, a ear was cooked. Cossacks were planted to the light: they talked about everyday affairs, remembered military service, sang amazing Cossack songs. Vanya loved such trips, he could climb a tree and admire the dal from a height: the bends and tributaries of the Don, the islands of the forest, visible in the distance by chicken and churches, ancient mounds.

Vanya grew up in a curious but closed child.

His peers spent time in noisy games, and Vanya went to the river and was sitting there for a long time, or crossed to the other side of the Don, to Azov, and wandered around the old fortress shaft. Vanya began to draw "from the barely memorable early years of childhood." The contours of fishing boats, cranes and other birds, drawings of horses and dogs appeared on paper.

Parents looked disapprovingly at the hobby of their son. They lived very poorly, the official salary was barely enough for life. Two more sons grew up in the Krylov family: Andrei and Alexander. Ivan Krylov received primary education at the village parish school. There were no cool classes, the teacher was engaged in each student separately. The textbooks served the primer, the Chasoslov and the Psalter.

In the year, when Vanya was eleven years old, his father sends him to Novocherkassk to continue his studies. The city reminded Vanya Ancient Azov with its steep, running down streets. Behind the bronze monument to the Hero of the Patriotic War of the year, Matvey Platov, the Ataman Palace rose. In the evenings, the vague outlines of the huge triumphal arch seemed against the backdrop of the dark sky with gates into the mysterious world.

A strict two -story building of the Platovskiy gymnasium stood on Ermakovsky Prospekt. In uncomfortable classes I did not want to sit. During the change, the gymnasium students burst into the yard, played in the Czech, made fun of the struggle. Vanya retired and, opening a home -made album, painted. It was difficult to study. There was nothing from the house, except for rare parcels and tiny money.

Father, in poverty, helped Ivan only to the third grade. Then I had to earn on a piece of bread on my own. After tiring classes, experiencing dizziness from hunger, Vanya fled to the houses of wealthy citizens to teach their young children to teach painting and literacy. He dreamed of throwing a gymnasium, leaving from Novocherkassk to St. Petersburg for admission to the Academy of Arts.

One of the local merchants advised the future artist to seek money for the road with local heroes. Subsequently, in an autobiographical essay, Ivan Ivanovich wrote: “I had to step over the thresholds, listen to rude distrust and instructions, while, finally, the Novocherkassk merchants studied at a good moment for the first three months Krylov studied at the school of drawing a society to encourage artists.

In January, the dream of Ivan Krylov came true: he became a student of the Academy of Arts. The academic comrades of Krylov were the largest Russian artists later: Nikolai Dubovskaya, Nikolai Kuznetsov, author of the painting “Key”, Kiriak Kostandy The future teacher of the founder of battal painting Mikhail Grekova. They were engaged in classes of portrait, battal and landscape painting.

The landscape class was led by Professor Arkhip Ivanovich Kuindzhi, author of the famous paintings “Birch Grove” and “Moonlit Night on the Dnieper”. Kuindzhi's love of nature was special. He walked on the ground, afraid to take the grass, step on the bug, did not allow him to cut down the drying tree out of respect for his old age. Arkhip Ivanovich also instilled his great love for the Russian land for students.

The first years of the teachings of Krylov lived in fabulous need. I went to academic classes in torn spaces. Two years later, at the Academy at the request of the director of the Novocherkassk gymnasiums S. Robush, the office of the regional department of the Donskoy army began to pay a small scholarship to the poor student monthly. This obliged Krylov at the end of the Academy of Arts to take the position of a drawing at the office of the regional government.

In the best case, to work as a drawing teacher in the gymnasium. Ivan Krylov, who decided to devote the life of painting, soon abandoned the scholarship. In the summer months, Krylov, along with Dubovsky, came to the Don.On one of the visits to his homeland, in Elizavetinskaya, Krylov wrote with oil paints of the sketch “Landscape with the hollow”. It is dated year.

Krylov deeply studied the best works of Russian and world painting. He wrote a lot of independent studies, performed oil copies from recognized masterpieces. He sat for a long time in libraries over books on the history of art, philosophy, read the works of Russian and foreign classic writers. Already in the early works of Krylov, the characteristic features of his painting were planned: the softness of the lines, the simplicity of the plot, lyricalness.

In the last year of the exercise, a comrade in the academy brought Krylov to the country of the famous St. Petersburg engineer Ivan Ivanovich Burgart and introduced his daughter Elizaveta Ivanovna. A few days later, Krylov arrived again. I wanted to see Elizabeth Ivanovna constantly. Soon Ivan Krylov made an offer to the girl. Parents were against marriage, believing that their daughter worthy of a more solid party.

However, the young people themselves decided their fate: they secretly married in one of the churches of St. Petersburg, having learned about the marriage, their parents abandoned their daughter, and never met her again ... Nine academic years were left behind. With a diploma of a cool artist and three silver medals, Ivan Ivanovich Krylov stepped into a great world of art.

It was difficult for the young people without the support of their parents. To make money, I had to do a boring design work. They paid pennies. Helping her husband, Elizaveta Ivanovna Shil Shila clothes with rich lady. Ivan Ivanovich worked not in his hands. It was at this time that he finally chose for himself a direction in painting. He became a landscape painter.

The picturesque surroundings of Siverskaya inspired the young artist to create lyrical paintings with the image of the northern landscape, sung by Pushkin, Tyutchev, Fet Krylov fell in love with the discreet, sincere beauty of the North. He painted peasant huts with lace carvings on windows, wings, pediments. He threw northern pogosts, wooden churches in albums, studied the Russian folk ornament.

In Siverskaya, “Autumn in the village”, “Winter Motive”, “Last Snow”, “Summer Night”, a cycle of paintings “The Motives of the Village near St. Petersburg” were written in Siberian. In the year, Krylov moves to Moscow, where they settled on Tverskaya Street. The landscape painter was carried away by Moscow, its rich history, fairy -tale architecture, its surroundings.

During this period, canvases are born: “Corner of Moscow”, “Birch grove”, “Moscow -Butyrki”, “In Sokolniki”, the poetic canvas “Vorobyovy Mountains”, a cycle of lyrical sketches. The artist traveled a lot: he visited all the southern cities from Rybinsk to Tsaritsyn, the entire North Caucasus and the Black Sea coast from Anapa to Sukhumi proceeded. In the year, Krylov became a full member of the Moscow Society of Art lovers, whose honorary members were L.

Tolstoy, I. Repin, V. Vasnetsov, V. Society annually arranged art exhibitions, issued illustrated catalogs, and helped the poor artists of Russia. Ivan Ivanovich Krylov was personally familiar with the royal family. In the year, Krylovs returned to Novocherkassk and quickly won fame among the advanced intelligentsia. Artists, musicians, doctors, and students came to them. In the city, the writer Alexander Serafimovich Serafimovich lived then.

He was a close friend of Krylov and often visited his house. In another letter, the writer reported his intention to meet in Veshenskaya with M. Sholokhov, invited "to wave there." At that time, Krylov was sick, and he was not able to meet the famous fellow countryman.