Biography of Repin Wikipedia

This is a small city near Kharkov, in which a military settlement was placed. Looking ahead, let's say that the artist always kept his small homeland in his heart and continued to draw inspiration in it, even living in the capitals. The family was poor. Ilya still had a sister Ustya and three brothers. Father Efim Vasilievich sold horses. When he was taken to the Chuguevsky Ulan regiment, the artist’s mother Tatyana Bocharova opened a school for peasants, where they studied calligraphy, arithmetic and, of course, the law of God.

Russian painter, teacher, professor, full member of the Ilye Ilya Efimovich Repin Imperial Academy of Arts. But after that, Ilya himself began to paint the pellets - eggshells, which he then sold. They took them for one and a half rubles. Parents noticed Ilya's artistic abilities and gave it to the local topographic corps. Repin was then only a study for two years, but the school was closed.

It remained to go as an apprentice in an icon -painting workshop. Repin came to the talented master Ivan Bunakov, which probably also determined his fate. Youth at the age of 16 Ilya left with the nomadic artel of the icon painters. Earned was enough to study at the Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg. True, the first time Repin was not accepted to the Academy.

Go to a drawing school: you still have no mature or drawing, - go, go, ”the conference secretary Fedor Lviv told the artist. The second attempt was more successful. At first, Repin was a listener of the preparatory evening school, and then again held the exam at the academy. The study lasted no less than eight years, for which Repin met many iconic artists of his time - Ivan Kramsky, who was always called the teacher, Vasily Vasily Stasov, with whom he was friends for the thesis, “The Resurrection of the Jair of Jair” received a large gold medal and was able to go on a pensioner trip to Europe.

Cafe. "They did not take married trips to pensioner trips, but Repin married Vera Shevtsova, also a graduate of the Academy, after awarding a gold medal. They say that Repin did not draw always and everywhere - in small notebooks that he always carried with him on paper snuffs. And he carried this habit through his whole life. The philosopher Vasily Rozanov wrote about Repin: “He collectively put off his impressions in his soul.

Mature years returning to Russia, Repin from October to September Cooped in his native Chuguev, and then moved to Moscow. Repin entered the Partnership of the Wanderers. In the year, the artist presented a sign to the fabric” Ivan the Terrible and his son. ” Repin, in the year in the Academy of Arts, his joint exhibition was held with Ivan Shishkin. Not a complete list of his students.

For the past 30 years, Repin lived with his second wife on the estate of Penata in Kuokkala, 40 kilometers from St. Petersburg. He created until the last days. When health did not allow you to hold the brush with his right hand, he wrote with his left. And when he could no longer hold a palette in his hands, with the help of special belts he attached him around his neck and continued to work in the morning until late at night.

Ilya Repin died in Penators on September 29. The meeting turned into a plot for a picture, which can be safely called Oda to the hard work of ordinary people. Oh God, why are they so dirty, torn? This picture is the true standard of Russian realistic art. Today, the canvas is stored in the collection of the Russian Museum. The history of this canvas is the story of numerous responses to it - from enthusiastic to critical - and the search for its interpretation.

The Symphony of the Roman-Korsakov “Antar” inspired the creation of the author’s picture: the trilogy of love, power and revenge simply captured Repin and unbearably wanted to depict something similar in terms of the strength of its influence. Immediately after the first show, the author was accused of distorting historical truth. After all, the murder by John formidable his own son has not been proven.

The chief prosecutor of the Holy Synod of the Pobedonostsev then wrote to Alexander III: “Today I saw this picture and could not look at it without disgust ...” But many critics praised the picture for her genuine psychologism. For example, Leo Tolstoy saw in her "something cheerful, strong, bold and hit the target." Today, the picture is stored in the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery.

But after the attack in the year, the resident of Voronezh threw the enclosing column into it - is not exhibited. The canvas requires serious restoration. The canvas was closed by a protective glass, the fragments of which damaged a colorful layer.The original author's frame was also affected. This was not the first case of an attack on the cloth of Repin. The first time, even during the life of Repin, he attacked a picture with a knife mentally ill, shouting "enough blood." Then the canvas was helped by the artist himself.

Photo: Wikipedia. Once the ship Sadko suffered a disaster in the stormy sea. And then the merchant decided to save himself and the team - to go down to the sea king to the bottom of the abyss and play him on the gusls. The sea king liked the game so much that he decided to marry him in one of his daughters - marine princesses. The career process is just captured in the picture.

However, the canvas shows that no sea beauties are needed. He looks at the modest in the Russian sundress ... To correctly write out the heroes, Repin is carefully preparing. However, this is fair in relation to all his works. The worker and perfectionist, Repin visited the sea aquarium in Berlin, studied the sea flora and fauna in Normandy, visited the London Crystal Palace - the 19th century Oceanarium.

There is a legend that he wrote the sea bottom in the Paris Oceanarium. Repin himself interpreted the picture as a metaphor for love for the Fatherland. There is a version that such a letter was an answer to the Ottoman lord to his ultimatum of the Zaporizhzhya Sich: the Sultan demanded to submit to him. The answer was followed by very insulting. The letter began like this: "You, the Sultan, the devil is Turkish, and the damned feature brother and comrade, Lucifer himself secretary." There was a sequel: "We are not afraid of your troops, we will fight earth and water with you." The letter is mentioned in various sources.

But they still doubt his authenticity. For the first time I heard Repin about this letter on one of the evenings on the estate of Savva Mamontov Abramtsevo. There they read it as a historical joke. This joke inspired Repin. But Repin always did everything thoroughly, so he went on a journey through Cossacks in the company of his student Valentin Serov, where he studied local customs, made preparatory sketches of costumes, utensils, weapons.

By the way, he wrote images of Cossacks from famous people of his time: so historian Dmitry Yavornitsky became a clerk, and journalist Vladimir Gilyarovsky became ataman Sirko. Where to go to Repin: the Penata Museum -Estate, if you have a desire to come to Repin, you can visit its only museum in Russia - Penates near St. Petersburg. In the house with a view of the Gulf of Finland, the artist lived for the past 30 years and here wished to be buried.

The will of the painter was performed. Like his request to transfer the house of the Academy of Arts. Penate Penant where Repin lived. Now the exposition presents the artist’s personal belongings, his paintings, drawings, as well as the work of his son Yuri, friends and students of the artist - more works of painting and graphics. Despite the death of the house during the Great Patriotic War, in the foals later they were able to recreate the previous situation - a workshop, a dining room, an office, a veranda.

After all, all personal belongings, drawings and paintings, furniture and other items from the house during the war were hidden in the basements of the Academy of Arts on Vasilyevsky Island. Then they were carefully returned to their native penalties.

In the Penate Manor. They restored him according to the same drawings and numerous surviving photographs. After the Kuokkal revolution, this village of Repino has now become part of Finland, but the artist could not betray his penalties, named after the Roman gods of the hearth and comfort. By the way, the park in the foam is also the creation of Repin.