Childhood of Mussorgsky biography

The childhood of M. Mussorgsky in the Pskov region “How I was pulling and pulling me to these native fields ...” M. Mussorgsky Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky was born on March 9 in the village of Karevo Toropetsky district of the Pskov province in a noble family. Father Pyotr Alekseevich came from the old noble family of Mussorgsky, mother Julia Ivanovna, nee Chirikova, from the neighboring village of Naumova.

He was the youngest of the children, the fourth son.

The first two, both by the family tradition of Alexei, died babies. This name began to seem unhappy in the family, and the parents called the third son Filaret, and the youngest Modest. The record of the baptism of Modest was preserved in the Metric Book of Toropetsky district, Pogostsoste Zhivvkin Odigitrievsky Church. Ten years of life Modest Modes in Latin - “modest” took place in Karev.

The Mussorgsky estate was located on the slope of a tall hill, gently descending to the Lake Live. The green shores and surface of the lake, a violently overgrown garden in front of the house, thick forests immediately behind the estate and throughout the horizon - the visual impressions of the child from the earliest years. Then folk songs sounded for him.

Modest Petrovich grew up to the sound of these songs. He heard them at home - in girlish and human, even more often “in the free air” - in the garden and fields behind the estate. Later, he will say this in one of the letters to a close friend V. But even among them he was distinguished by a special affinity with folk art. It is no coincidence that Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov needed words for folk choral songs in the opera “Pskovite”, he asked Mussorgsky to write them.

The proximity to the people, undoubtedly, was vaccinated by the child of the nanny. In the autobiographical note of the composer, the nanny is called "the very first of loved ones." Modest Petrovich more than once recalled his nanny warmly. The grandmother of the composer Tatyana Georgievna Mussorgskaya said that the nanny in the house was revered as an equal member of the family, "the most faithful person." She lived in the Lord half, next to the nursery, she ate from the same table with the owners, and also “managed” the samovar, who “noise” for almost round day, and at any time, at the first request, a hot, from the key tea.

Among the courtyards at the estate, mostly widows with children lived, where it was easier for them to live and feed. Among the widows were the near and distant relatives of Barina Peter Alekseevich. Julia Ivanovna did not object to such a “shelter”, since she herself grew up without a mother. The estate of the Mussorgsky became a charity house, and the landowners - the merciful masters, compassionate and sympathizers of the misfortune of others.

Karevsky “Shelter” played a huge role in the formation of aggravated sensitivity and acute observation of the future composer. In order to create “Savishna”, “orphan”, “mischievous”, the image of the holy fool, to become a singer “humiliated and offended”, it was necessary not only to see these living paintings, but also to empathize with the unhappy and destitute.

As the Karevsky old -timers told, the barchuki Filaret and Modest was not forbidden to drive friendship with peasant children. It is even more difficult to imagine this in the Mussorgsky family, with a grandmother from serfs. Stasov confirms that the impressions of the childhood of Mussorgsky “sunk into the soul for life with indestructible strength and subsequently, in the better era of his work, gave motives for a number of unusually peculiar poetic and perfect creatures, despite classes, the children of Mussorgsky had a lot of time for the games.

The composer was familiar with games, fun and the work of peasant children living by the lake. Let us turn to the memoirs of Alexandra Ivanovna Prokoshenko, recorded in the year. On the left and right, green shallows were called the Yasovsky horn and the Tatyrinsky horn. And the shore along the bow is clean, sandy. At the very water on the stakes, the net was hung to dry. And we, small, helped fishermen choose grass, fish from networks.

” This story is supplemented by Tatyana Georgievna Mussorgskaya recorded from her in the year: “They played“ Cossacks-robbers ”, towns, bast shoes, streams were allowed to play in the meadow only after the haymaking. And in the summer there is more by the water. In the morning, without washing, they ran to swim. First boys, then girls. They studied on the boards, specially pork pork bubbles.

” From the story of Mussorgsky, we can conclude that bathing in both his youth was one of the pleasures for his brother. Modest Petrovich describes the “funny scene” that happened to Balakirev, which occurred with his brother Filaret: “We went to swim, and he did not have time to enter the water, as he fell or, rather, collapsed with his whole body, the waves rose terrible, and the entire water kingdom groaned.” All life in Karev and in neighboring villages was closely connected with the lake.

The little modest often heard the waves splash, the boats are hit on the pier, the straps creak, coastal trees are mysteriously noisy in the wind, the reeds rustle, and the ice rustles and bursts into January frosts. I watched the modest and paintings of peasant life, about which Alexander Ivanovna Prokoshenko figuratively spoke: “Babs from the lake were worn on the rockers. In the summer they made masonry, in the winter - the hole was rinsed from the clutches, they pounded the rings loudly.And the cows grazed on the island of Lukash, and they swam on boats, and again they played the songs on the water.

”I heard the modest how the throaty Karevian roosters scream, the blacksmith's hammer rings, beat off and sharpen the brains, creak with hay, buzzes the bell to the hint. And later the symphony picture“ Dawn in the impression of children The village was deeply sunk into the soul of the child, left the indelible summer in his mind. Most of his best creatures, romances and opera scenes reproduce folk, mainly peasant types, motives and scenes.

"Later in numerous articles and books, well -known critics, biographers, musicologists wrote about the composer’s childhood, but specific information about this to the most important period was not contained in any publication. In the documentary book of A. Orlova, the works of life and days of M. Chronicle of Life. And creativity "says:" What do we know about the childhood of Mussorgsky - the time when the identity of the artist -musician was formed?

There is almost nothing. "Modest Petrovich warmly loved his mother all his life. In a letter to A. When Modest was four years old, Julia Ivanovna noticed the unique abilities of her son, began to deal with him a piano. She herself well owned this musical instrument, knew the French, showed interest in literature and art, wrote poetry. She was sincerely attached to the family, and managed to convey everything that was all that she was able to convey everything that was all that she had been conveying everything that was all that she had been conveyed to the children.

She knew she was good. She inherited the kindness and softness of character to her son. The childhood of the future composer was saturated with music. Father sang, played the violin, his mother - on the piano, and was constantly playing play for the house. The child has already lived "Passion to tell the world with musical sounds everything about man." He sought to convey the images of nannine fairy tales in musical improvisations, which he willingly invented "before the start of acquaintance with the most elementary rules of the piano game." The boy played his improvisations to his mother, and she managed to develop a craving for musical creativity in him.

The lessons with the mother were successful. He remembered the lessons with his mother. In the letters of the young Mussorgsky, she is constantly mentioned. She attends the theater with him, she is aware of his hobbies, knows his friends, even cooks M. Mussorgsky in his father’s home for the first ten years of his life. Sources: "Art is not the goal of the Mussorgsky Psk.

Naumovo; Ot. Novikov, Nikolai Stepanovich. At the origins of great music: search and finds in the homeland of M. Obraztsov, Inna Mikhailovna.