Detailed biography of Meyerhold

Alexander Golovin. A sketch of the scenery for the play "Masquerade". For six years, Meyerhold, along with Golovin, has been composing this legendary and defiantly luxurious performance, the premiere of which coincided with the beginning of the February Revolution. On the streets, however, they were still remote, they shot, the trams did not go, the lanterns burned dimly ...

Lone cabmen broke crazy prices. Screams were heard and crowds with flags gathered. It was deserted and terrible. The theater, however, was full - and at what prices! In the 6th row, the chair cost 22 or 23 rubles ... At the entrance of the theater there were cars in black continuous rows. All wealth, all nobility, all the huge Petrograd pluto, bureaus and rearocracy were evident here.

And almost nearby, in any case, so close, in one city, next to hungry and hungry and hungry-this artistic-revolutionary, arrogant, meaningless-final luxury for a whim. What is it - Rome Caesares? Well, from here we will go to Lukulla to eat nightingale languages, and let the hungry scum are screaming, looking for bread and freedom? Director Meyerhold.

The revolution, commissar, the People's Commissariat of Revolutionary Summer of the year Meyerhold spends in Moscow. Of course, he is for changes, for the revolution and even for the Bolsheviks. However, his mood is far from optimism: “If I inform you that I am still in Moscow and that I didn’t leave here, then maybe you will not want to execute me, because I am already punished: to sit for more than three months in a city similar to a third-class hall of any of the nodal stations, and this is worse than torture.

Write there: post office, to demand. Maybe my apartment is already defeated or busy with people who have nowhere to live, except in my apartment. That is why I give you the address of the post office »V. Moscow, on August 8, Alexander Golovin. Portrait of Vsevolod Meyerhold. Together with a group of directors and actors, he is trying to convene the All -Russian Congress of stage figures, primarily to combat entrepreneurs and transfer all theaters to the hands of the All -Russian Trade Union.

In this, the creator of the Chamber Theater and his then ally Alexander Tairov jointly jointly. As you can see, it went thirteen days. Mail, of course, has nothing to do with it. Apparently, it is important for the presidium that the letter indicated: sent on August 30. Answer rather, please, how we will act in relation to the breakdown of the Executive Committee ”Ibid .. from the letter of Vsevolod Meyerhold Alexander Tairov.

Petrograd, September 13, Anatoly Lunacharsky. The People's Commissariat sent several hundred invitations for the intelligentsia. Each of the came the new administration instructed to engage in some direction, Meyerhold-the theater. From the letter of Meyerhold Lunacharsky: “You forgot me. And I am very upset. You can work cheerfully, only in constant contact with the leader. Your Sun.

I am glad that I have almost a candidate ticket in the party, although you have not left me the promised recommendation. ” From the letter of Vsevolod Meyerhold Anatoly Lunacharsky. Petrograd, on October 19, Meyerhold was adopted by a candidate member of the RCP B in August of the year by the party cell of the school of acting in Petrograd. In the year he was convicted of the case of the Trotskyist-Zinoviev Center and shot.

From the letter of Vsevolod Meyerhold Olga Kameneva. Petrograd, November 3-4 of the year, “The latest style” on November 16, Meyerhold announced the departure from the Mariinsky Theater. The theater, “accepting the statement of Meyerhold, explaining in principle the reason for his small participation in the theater’s work with his discrepancy with the theater in aesthetic and cultural views, SGO accepts his request for resignation, exempting from the penalty” by quotes.

Meyerhold refuses the proposal of the contract for one -time production: “My stay in this situation is impossible. My style is the latest. In the summer of the year, Meyerhold goes to Crimea for treatment in the sanatorium. After the capture of Yalta, he managed to cross to Novorossiysk, where his family lived at that time. There, at the end of September, he was arrested by the Denikin investigative authorities; After the active hassle of acquaintances, mainly Mikhail Gnesin, left prison under the supervision of the court, but soon Novorossiysk was taken by the Red Army, and the court canceled.

I ask you, dear comrade, to give some work of my wife, and my daughter, who has a literature, painting, music, music, I ask you to send you to any of the art schools. Please advise where to do. I do not write to you about myself: if you want to know, my wife will tell you in detail about all my ordeals. Whores hearty greetings »V. Novorossiysk, May 22 of the year Vsevolod Meyerhold.

The head of the Theo V. Meyerhold ”O. From the letter of Vsevolod Meyerhold to the head of the General Polibencan, Comrade Proletcult, the premises of the Hermitage Theater. This is how the Left Front is created in theatrical art - to fight the traditional theater. Lunacharsky is quickly disappointed in his ally and dissociates from him. In the article “Meyerhold Theater”, Lunacharsky wrote: “Futurism extended the hand of the revolution.

I remember very well and exactly how this happened in due time, primarily in Leningrad. The revolution accepted this hand.The revolution wanted to be cultural. But as a representative of state power, of course, I did not interfere with the futurists. Firstly, we did not have other artists at hand, and secondly, it was not at all the case of state power to artificially delay the growth of art schools put forward by life itself.

True, then, in the year, he still distinguished Meyerhold with the hope that he would come to realism: “It is realism that has been characterized by the proletariat in its current composition. In philosophy - materialism, in art - realism. This one is connected with the other. Collected works. I don't understand them. Peter Williams. I apologize for the anxiety. On behalf of the whole team, I bring you the deepest gratitude.

With communist greetings, Vsevolod Meyerhold »Cit. From the letter of Vsevolod Meyerhold to Lev Trotsky. Meyerhold's creative maturity was not a favorite of the leaders of the Soviet state. However, in the year to the anniversary - 25 years of acting and 20 years of directorial activity - he is given the title of People's Artist the Eighth in the country - the first was Chaliapin. However, the accusations are also not forced to wait.

The Red Director of the Bolshoi Theater Comrade Malinovskaya convinced Lunacharsky to plant Meyerhold in a crazy house, and Lunacharsky himself called his Theater a “cheerful house”. But around him a lot of talented youth are the people of the theater, and filmmakers, and artists, and musicians. Vsevolod Meyerhold and Zinaida Reich. In the year, the summer master divorces Olga Munt and marries the summer Zinaida.

Spouses take a common surname-Meyerhold-Rayh. Two young children Zinaida from Sergei Yesenin Meyerhold are adopted. Since then, the couple has not parted. Raich writes under the dictation of the husband of Article and Letters, actively participates in the administrative and creative life of the theaters and workshops he created, teaches a biomechanics of Biomechanics - the theater term introduced by Meyerhold to describe the system of the actor’s body to complete the assignment ..

In the year, she debuted as an actress in the play “Forest”, playing Aksyusha, and with those from those Pore ​​becomes the receipt of the guests and parables in the tongue for the entire theater world. The daughter of Zinaida Reich, Tatyana Yesenina, tried in correspondence with the author of the first Soviet biography of Meyerhold Konstantin Rudnitsky to clarify the circumstances of the director’s cooperation and his wife: “In the year, Meyerhold married a woman without a specialty, she had just left the psychiatric hospital.

She had no reason for the theater.

She began to study at the director's faculty and was not going to become an actress. You can find the statements related to that time. Thus, in the year at the age of 30, she played her first role, and a large one, having no professional training. Yesenin about V. Meyerhold and Z. Zinaida Reich as Aksyusha in the play "Forest". However, his performances, later recognized by the masterpieces, - “Mandate”, “Examiner”, “Woe to the mind” - cause more and more complaints to both right and left.

There were places of unequal significance in it, but it is precisely that all creative fabric breathes: here is the core, there is protoplasm. The first thunderstorm Vsevolod Meyerhold on rehearsal. Gostim received budget financing only in the year, much later than the so -called Aki, academic theaters. But this did not help in a rather desperate position in which Meyerhold was.