Biography Tarle Eugene

Born on October 27 on November 8 in Kyiv in a merchant family. He graduated from the 1st Kherson gymnasium, studied at Novorossiysk, then at the University of Kiev, where he joined the student democratic movement. He studied at the seminar with Professor I. Luchitsky, on the recommendation of which he was left at the university for preparation for a professor. On the eve of May 1, he was arrested at a gathering on the occasion of the collection in favor of the strikers, and a month and a half spent in prison.

Then he was expelled to the Kherson province and Warsaw with a temporary prohibition of teaching. C-Privat-report of St. Petersburg University, where he taught with short interruptions until the end of his life. On the eve and during the first Russian revolution he made lectures in which he talked about the fall of absolutism in Western Europe and promoted the need for democratic transformations in Russia.

In his political views, he adjoined the Mensheviks, was friends with G. Plekhanov, was a consultant to the Social-Democratic faction in the III State Duma. The events of the revolution led Tarle to the idea of ​​studying the historical role of the working class. In him, he released the first, and in the second volume of the study working class in France in the era of the revolution.

In the same year, Tarle defended his doctoral dissertation. Gradually, the scientist’s scientific interests were increasingly focused on the study of international economic and political relations. Based on the study of documents from the archives of Paris, London, Berlin, Gaga, Milan, Lyon, Hamburg Tarle, the first study of the economic history of Europe of the Napoleonian wars in world science, Comrade Tarle, welcomed the fall of the autocracy, became a member of the Extraordinary Investigation Commission of the Provisional Government to investigate the crimes of the royal regime.

The scientist met the October revolution hostilely, but refused to emigrate and take the place of Professor Sorbonne, continued to work in domestic scientific and pedagogical institutions. Tarle indirectly condemned the “Red Terror”, issuing two volumes of documents on Jacobin terror called the revolutionary tribunal in the era of the Great French Revolution. Memories of contemporaries and documents.

Another book, the West and Russia, devoted to the memory of the ministers of the Provisional Government A. Shingarev and F. Kokoshkin, who were killed by revolutionary sailors in the hospital. At the end of the x, in conditions of cruel persecution of a dissenting professor, Tarle was subjected to persecution. His work Europe in the era of imperialism, Marxist historians declared “class alien”, and the author-“a defender of French and English imperialists”.

In both cases, he appeared as a conspirator and the expected Minister of Foreign Affairs. He was sentenced to five years in Alma-Ata. There, thanks to the support of his former student and local party leader F. Goloshchekin, he took the place of the professor at the University of Kazakhstan. In October, at the direction of I. Stalin, who probably hoped to use Tarle as a court historian, the scientist was ahead of schedule from exile.

He was provided with apartments in Leningrad on the palace embankment of a part of the former apartments S. Witte and Moscow in the famous government “House on the Embankment”. The most famous and popular book by Tarle Napoleon saw the light. Stalin favorably perceived the book: after its exit from the author, a criminal record was removed, he was restored with the actual member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, taken from him on the eve of the Great Patriotic War Tarla released a book about the invincibility of the Russian people in the fight against aggressors - the invasion of Napoleon to Russia, the biography of talleyra During the war years, Germinal and Prerual appeared two volumes of fundamental labor of the Crimean war, about events - and the heroic defense of Sevastopol.

In the last period of his life, the scientist paid great attention to the history of the Russian fleet, published three monographs about the expeditions of Russian military sailors: Chesmensky battle and the first Russian expedition to the archipelago. Senyavina in the Mediterranean Sea - GG. The author gave not only many new facts about the activities of the Russian naval breeders, but also embellished the foreign policy of Russia, which corresponded to the then political attitudes aimed at combating the West.

Tarle began to work on another trilogy not of his own free will, but “on the initiative of the top leadership of the CPSU B” that is, at the direction of Stalin, as the academician himself wrote about this in the report on his scientific works after the topic of the trilogy was to be the fighting of Russia with aggressors in the 18-20 centuries. It is clear that the customer gave the central place in the trilogy a book about Hitler’s invasion and praise his personal role in the defeat of the enemy.

But Tarle was in no hurry to write a politically relevant volume and took up the first volume of the trilogy about the Petrine era and the invasion of the Swedes. As a result, the scientist fell into disgrace, his work, as in the old days, again began to be criticized in the press.The Book of the Northern War and the Swedish invasion of Russia was the last and was published after the death of the academician in Tarle died in Moscow on January 6, also on the topic:.