Lusin mathematician biography

She was founded by Dmitry Egorov and Nikolai Luzin and gave the country a galaxy of famous scientists: Keldysh, Kolmogorov, Lavrentiev, Aleksandrov and dozens of others. European colleagues looked in our direction with admiration: there were so many bright talents. All these greatest minds were nurtured by Nikolai Nikolayevich Luzin. It is amazing that the future genius, studying at the gymnasium, discovered a complete inability to mathematics.

Parents invited a refrigerator who noticed that Kolya could not cope with the gymnasium program, but perfectly solves complex problems, and in a non-standard way. He was born in Tomsk, his mother was half a storm, half Russian, his father - from serfs. Later, the family moved to Moscow, where Nikolai entered Moscow University. Boris's father taught here and was a supporter of "philosophical" mathematics.

Another professor - Egorov - immediately noticed the talent of his student and left him in graduate school. Nikolay wrote a dissertation brilliantly. He set out the material in an accessible, exciting and even outlined ways of further research, so for students this work turned into a table book and for many years gave food for new research. Even today's mathematicians recognize her one of the most clearly written works.

Of course, he was a find for the university, and soon he himself began to give lectures. Moreover, so that everyone was heard. When he was late, the students in anticipation crowded in the corridor, discussing scientific problems. The brilliant teacher Nikolai Nikolaevich “raised” many greatest minds, which in turn have raised the young generation of scientists. Lusin always made a bet not on mechanical memorization of the object, but on its conscious perception.

Explain in detail-so that the student understands, for a long time, but this is more important than the cable and gives excellent results. He knew how to push the student to work thoughts, think about different solutions and set new tasks. He taught to think widely, instilling the skills of creative intuition. It was always an ardent opponent of the substitution of genuine science with a logically built chatter.

To make it easier for students to understand the material, he advised to use the method of dismembering difficulties, gradually solving every difficult task without dumping them together. His lecture material was always not finished, giving impetus to students' thoughts. His lectures enjoyed a frantic success precisely because they were completely not didactic. Listening to Luzin, the students understood: mathematics is not a boring “granite” science that you can break your teeth about, but an exciting knowledge of the world, giving complete freedom of creativity and space to search for new ideas.

And today, after a hundred years, the creators of the tests inspired us that the exact sciences are accurate and accurate in order to fit in three answers, they say, not literature. Ay, the creators of the exam! How many talents you destroyed by squeezing the algebra and geometry into the dry columns of the state examination: memorize and put ticks. But what about dozens of brilliant students of Luzin, combining both the principle of scientific and freedom of mathematical creativity?

The whole world recognizes: the Russian mathematical school of the beginning of the century is the strongest on the planet. That is, the Luzinsky teaching approach, judging by the number of talented students, gave excellent results. A circle of talented youth spontaneously formed around Nikolai Nikolaevich began to be called Luzitania. Students came to his house, discussed their scientific reports, worked out with great enthusiasm, and then, closer to night, talked about everything in the world.

Lusin knew how to infect with love of science. In the year, he spoke at the All -Russian Congress of Mathematics with the report "Current state of the theory of functions of the actual variable." As always, he spoke brightly, exciting - so that inspired youth fell into mathematics, as later into astronauts, and even later - to bankers. From the theory of sets - to the computer in the years, the Bolsheviks, like the devils from the incense, shied away from representatives of the Orthodox theology to recall at least the “philosophical ship” with Ilyin, Trubetskoy, Lossi, Berdyaev.

But who would have thought that religious philosophy would affect not only literature, art, etc. There is an opinion that the incredible heyday of the Russian mathematical school is associated with the philosophical searches of its representatives. Teacher Luzina Bugaev never hid that he wanted to combine mathematics and philosophy. Nikolai Nikolaevich himself was first elected academician at the Department of Philosophy.

Against this background, the philosophical searches of the classmates of Luzin - Andrei Bely and Pavel Florensky are not surprising. The latter left mathematics and became theologian. Lusin was a close friend of Paul, corresponded with him, came to his laurel. The famous Luzian descriptive theory of sets - the pride of Russian science - is based on a new, extremely abstract mathematics.

Previously, scientists have studied objects that can be described geometrically, mechanically, but the creation of the theory of sets has opened new horizons before mathematicians.The French worked closely on this theory, but faced the contradictions not so much mathematical as philosophical. Rational French and German mathematicians could not cope with them.

To solve these subtle problems, the mathematician was completely special: enormous knowledge, broadest mind, perspicacity and intuition. Nikolai Nikolaevich was just that. No wonder the French colleague Nikolai Nikolayevich Lebeg wrote: "Lusin explores issues from a philosophical point of view and comes to mathematical results." Perhaps it was the religious view of the problem of descriptation that helped Luzin to remove the main issues of the theory of sets that the French saved before.

The fact is that in the descriptive theory of sets, the concept of “name” occupies an important place. This is very close to the male ideas developed by Florensky and Losev. One way or another, it was Luzin who made the descriptive theory of the sets of an independent mathematical region, very clearly outlined it and managed to attract the interest of a huge number of people to it.

His students, and then students of students, etc., in particular, the appearance of computing technology, we also owe the ideas of Luzin and students. Here it is - a living relationship between Orthodox theology, science and modern life: a hundred years ago the greatest mind thinks over theological ideas, connects them with mathematical, “infects” the science of students, and today we use a computer and another complex technique.

So all the atheists, contemptuously snorting towards the Orthodox Church-“Well, these slaves-mracobes brought to the world! No wonder one of his students noticed that if Dostoevsky had access to scientific circles, he would have made Luzin the central hero of the novel. By the age of years, the pedagogical and scientific activity of Nikolai Nikolaevich acquired the widest scale, and this always causes envious itching of the opponents of all Russian and creative.

He writes the “revealing” article “On Enemies in the Soviet Mask” and refers to “Pravda”, where Comrade Mehlis immediately publishes it. Luzin is charged with hidden hatred for everything Soviet, lucusing students, cooperation with bourgeois science, sympathy for Black Hundreds, monarchism. As deftly destructive satanic forces can arrange shreds: Kolman himself did absolutely nothing for science, but for some reason the enemy in a mask is not he, and Lusin is a all-recognized scientist who made a huge contribution to the development of Russian and world mathematics.

The Stalinist chain dogs hated the tsarist school from which Luzin came out that they decided to heat the mathematics of the old formation in full, for fidelity sewing Luzin’s business to the case of the Trotskyist-Zinovievsky terrorist center. But the leader of the peoples besieged the zealous Kolmanov and stated that he did not find Trotskyism in the integrals of Luzin. The revolutionary “comrades” quietly crawled from Luzin to the side and, unlike the brilliant Nikolai Nikolaevich, perished in the abyss of history.

Luzin wrote a lot of excellent works after the persecution of the 10ths. One of his friends, having met him in the post-war years, did not find out-so he became old and changed. A person whom the country should have been worn in his arms was produced and albeit not directly, but driven into the grave. He died in M, just when his "integral and trigonometric series" was preparing for the publication.

He never waited for this book. Elena Alexandrovna.